FORMATIVE PRACTICE

FORMATIVE PRACTICE

 

1.     THE PLANETS

2.    SPACE QUIZ 1

3.    SPACE QUIZ 2

4.    SPACE PUZZLE

5.    SOLAR SYSTEM AND BEYOND

6     SOLAR SYSTEM

7.    SIZE COMPARISON EARTH-MOON-SUN

8.    EARTH IN SPACE - VOCABULARY

9.    NAME THE PLANET

10.  MOON PHASE

11.  EARTH-MOON-SUN - TRUE OR FALSE

12.  EARTH-MOON-SUN - VOCABULARY

13.  EARTH AND BEYOND - WHO MANTS TO BE A MILLIONAIR

ECLIPSES

ECLIPSES

• The phenomenon of an eclipse occurs when the Sun, Earth and Moon lie in a straight line.
• There are two types of eclipses: the eclipse of the Moon or lunar eclipse and the eclipse of the Sun of solar eclipse.

THE ECLIPSE OF THE MOON

• The eclipse of the Moon Occurs when the Earth is between the Sun and the Moon and the three of them lie in a straight line.
• An Moon can only occurs at the phase of full Moon.
• The eclipse of the Moon can last for more than an hour.
• During the total eclipse of the Moon, the Moon looks reddish, dark grey and brown.

VIDEO - ECLIPSE OF THE MOON

THE ECLIPSE OF THE SUN

• The eclipse of the Sun occurs when the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth and the three of them lie in a straight line.
• When the Moon is between the Sun and the Earth and the three of them lie in the straight line, the Moon blocks the sunlight.
• The total eclipse of the Sun is very brief. It last for only a few minutes.
• During the eclipse of the Sun, the sky gets darker and darker until eventually it becomes completely dark during the day.

 VIDEO - ECLIPSE OF THE SUN

CONSTELLATIONS

TYPES OF CONSTELLATIONS

1. Constellations can be seen clearly at night when there is no sunlight.
2. The location of constellations in the sky changes from one position to another becouse the Earth rotates on Its axis. Therefore, we cannot see all the constellations at the same time.
3. These constellations include Scorpion, Orion, Big Dipper and Souuthern Cross.

 SOUTHERN CROSS

( APRIL TO JUNE - AROUND 8.00p.m - 10.00pm )

• The constellation look like a cross or a diamond-shape kite.
• It can be seen only in the southern hemisphere.
• It is the smallest constellation among the 88 modern constellations.

 SCORPION

( JUNE TO AUGUST - AROUND 8.00p.m - 10.00pm )

• The constellation looks like a scorpion. 

 

BIG DIPPER

( APRIL TO JUNE - AROUND 8.00p.m - 10.00pm )

• This constellation looks like a saucepan or dipper.
• It is visible only in the northern hemisphere.

ORION

( DECEMBER TO FEBRUARY - AROUND 8.00p.m - 10.00pm )

• This constellation looks like a hunter with belt and sword.
• It is visible in both the northern and southern hemispheres.

 THE IMPORTANCE OF CONSTELLATIONS

A.  To show of Constellations

• Big Dipper can be seen only at the northern hemisphere and it always points to direction of the North Pole.
• The Southern Cross can be seen only at the southern hemisphere and it points to the direction of the South Pole.

B. To indicate time.

• Can make use of the constellations to tell what month.

NATURAL SATELLITES, ASTEROIDS, COMETS AND METEORIODS

A.     NATURAL SATELLITES

1. Natural satellites are the natural objects which orbit around planet.
2. The Moon is the Earth's only natural satellite.
3. All the planets in the Solar System have natural satellites except Mercury and Venus.

NATURAL SATELLITES 

B.     ASTEROIDS

1. Besides the nine planets there is also an asteroid belt.
2. The asteroid belt lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
3. Asteroids are small pieces of rocks mixed with metals orbitibf round the Sun.
4. Asteroids vary in size. Some can be as small as dust particles while some can be a few hundred kilometres in diameter.

C.    COMETS

1. Comets are small pieces of ice and dust that orbit around the Sun, but their paths are not like those of the planets.
2. Most comets spend much of their time out of the Solar System, beyond Pluto. However, they can enter new orbits that bering them into the Solar System where they become visible from Earth.
3. The most famous comet is called Halleys's comet which returns to the centre of the Solar System every seventy six years.
4. Every comet has a head and a long tail. The small solid part at the centre of the head is called the nucleus.

 

Halley's Comet

D.    COMETS

1. Meteoroids are small pieces of rock or metal floating in outer space.
2. Meteoroids float near to the Earth, they may be drawn into the Earth's atmosphere due to gravity.
3. Meteoroids which enter the Earth's atmosphere are called meteors.
4. Most meteors will burn up when they enter the Earth's atmosphere due to friction.
5. Thus, streaks of ligth can be seen in the sky at nigth in the dark. They leave behind fierl tails and are called shooting stars.
6. Meteors which do not burn completely and reach the Earth's surface are called meteorites.
7. Meteorites which fall to the gravity will make huge craters.

 HUGE CRATES BY METORITES

 

THE SUN, EARTH AND MOON

SUN

1. The Sun is a star and not a planet.
2. The Sun is located at the centre of the Solar System.
3. The Sun is the closest star to the Earth.
4. The Sun looks bigger and brighter than all the other stars becouse it is the closest star to the Earth.
5. The Sun is very hot. It is a glowing ball of gas. 
6. The diameter of the Sun is about 1400000 kilometres.
7. This is about 100 times the size of the Earth.
8. The circumference of the Sun about 400 times bigger than the circumference of tha Earth.
9. The Sun is about 15 000 000 kilometres away from the Earth.
10. The distance of the Sun from the Earth is 400 times the distance of the Earth from the Moon.

 

EARTH 

1. The Earth is in the shape of a sphere.
2. Its diameter is about 12 760 kilometres.
3. Its circumferences is about 40 000 kilometres.
4. The air surrounding the Earth is called the atmosphere.
5. The part of the Earth covered with water is called the hydrosphere.
6. About 70% of the Earth is covered by the hydrosphere. This includes the lakes, oceans and rivers.
7. The weight of an object is affected by the pull of the Earth's gravity on the object.

 MOON

1. The Moon is smaller than the Earth. It is also in the shape of a sphere..
2. The Moon is about 50 times smaller than the Earth.
3. Its diameter is about 1/4 that of the Earth.
4. The Moon is the natural satellite of the Earth.
5. The Moon has no atmosphere and no water too.
6. Therefore, no living things can be found on the Moon.
7. Moon has no atmosphere, it extremely quiet, since no sound can travel through a vacuum.
8. The surface of the Moon has many huge craters up to handreds of kilometres wide.

 

PLANETS

 MERCURY 

 

• Mercury is the closest plamet to the Sun.
• Since Mercury is closest to the Sun, its temperature can be 300°C in the daytime. 
• Mercury rotates on its own axis very slowly, making one full rotation every 59 Earth days.  

  VENUS

• Venus is the second planet from the Sun.
• The size of Venus is about the same as that of the Earth.
• The planet is always covered by a very thick cloud of carbon dioxide and acid vapour.

 EARTH

 

• Earth is the third planet from the Sun.
• It is fifth largest planet.It is the only planet with oxygen and water. 
• Thus, it is the only planet on which living things can survive and grow.  

MARS

 

• Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. 
• It also known as the Red Planet becouse its surface is being covered with red dust.
• Mars is a cold and lifeless planet.

JUPITER

 

• Jupiter is the largest planet in Solar System. 
• It is the fifth planet from the Sun. 
• Most of Jupiter's volume is made up of gases and ice with only a small rocky core.

SATURN

 

• Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun. 
• It is surrounded by a system of rings which make it the most striking and beautiful planet when viewed through a telescope. 
• Saturn is the second largest planet and lighter than a body of water of the same size.

URANUS

• Uranus is the seventh planet from Sun in the Solar System. 
• This planet is blue becouse it has cold gases, mainly made up of hydrogen and helium. 
• Uranus also has a ring around it but the ring cannot be seen clearly becouse it is too thin and dim.

NEPTUNE

 

• Neptune, the eigth planet from tha Sun is almost the twin of Uranus. 
• It is the farthest planet from the Sun in the Solar System. 
• It is a little heavier than Uranus and is very slightly bigger. It is bluish-green and consists mainly of ice with some rocks and gases, and less atmosphere.

 PLUTO

• Pluto was considered the ninth planet from the sun since it's discovery until 2006. 
• It was considered the smallest planet in our solar system. 
• Pluto has been demoted and is no longer considered a planet. Boo Hoo...

 

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

The Constituents of the Solar System

The Solar System consists of nine planet and the Sun. The other members of the Solar System are natural satellites, asteroids, comets and meteoriods. The eight planets in the Solar System beginning withh nearest to the Sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.

 

VIDEO OF SOLAR SYSTEM

All the eight planets are moving around the Sun each following its own oval path called orbit. The time taken for a planet to complete one revolution around the Sun is different from the time taken for another planet to do so. Mercury takes the shortest time to complete one orbit, while Neptune takes longest.

RELATIVE SIZE OF PLANETS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM

THE REVOLUTION OF THE PLANETS AROUND SUN